Minnesotans' water worries run deep, see science as a solution

A new statewide survey from the University of Minnesota's College of Food, Agricultural and Natural Resource Sciences (CFANS) reveals Minnesotans are deeply worried about the health of their state’s lakes and rivers, yet remain overwhelmingly optimistic that science can provide a path forward. The CFANS Insights Survey found that a staggering 93% of residents are concerned about pollution in their local waters. However, a significant 85% believe scientific research can address these challenges, including invasive species, habitat loss, climate impacts and overdevelopment of shorelines.

Minnesotans want collaborative action, believe science can lead

The survey data shows a clear mandate for action, with 97% of residents valuing the importance of Minnesota's lakes and rivers to their quality of life. This sentiment is backed by strong support for tangible solutions, as a striking 98% of respondents believe scientific research is important for preserving water for future generations. 

This commitment is further demonstrated by the 85% of respondents who endorse public funding for water-related research. While 74% of residents believe state and federal governments should be leading these efforts, a majority (57%) say those entities are currently not doing enough.

"This is a pivotal moment. Minnesotans are not only concerned about our water resources, but they're ready to act,” said CFANS Dean Brian Buhr. “We're dedicated to meeting this challenge head on, bringing together our research, partnerships, and the next generation of environmental stewards to make a real difference. It is encouraging to know that 81% of the survey respondents are optimistic that collective efforts across community, government and science can preserve our state’s cherished waters.”

Scientists at work from lab to lake

At CFANS and across the University of Minnesota, researchers, students and partners are already using innovative, science-based solutions to address the water issues Minnesotans care most about — the survey respondents’ top concerns were pollution/water quality (68%); invasive species (55%); habitat loss (42%); climate change impacts (34%); and overdevelopment (29%). In fact, when it comes to protecting and advancing clean water, Minnesota leads the way: the University of Minnesota ranks number one in the nation and number 16 in the world among more than 2,500 universities for its work in this area.

In Minnesota, where lakes are part of our identity, scientists are racing to understand — and solve — threats beneath the surface. Gretchen Hansen, an associate professor in the Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, has spent years studying how climate change and invasive species are reshaping fish populations. Working with the Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research Center (MAISRC), she’s found a troubling pattern: lakes invaded by zebra mussels often have fewer and smaller walleye. Furthermore, fish from lakes with zebra mussels have higher concentrations of mercury, posing a human health concern.

“It’s critical that we understand these complex interactions between stressors affecting our lakes,” Hansen said. “That’s how we identify and implement strategies that actually work.”

Her research also shows that local watershed management — done right — can cut nutrient pollution and protect cold, oxygen-rich habitats for coldwater fish. With Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund funding, researchers are working with local watershed groups and state agencies to set lake-specific targets and identify the most effective strategies for protecting watersheds, as many lakes still lack defined management goals.

This work is just one example of how the University of Minnesota is tackling water challenges from every angle. Across campus and beyond, a network of research centers and councils is advancing science-driven solutions that directly respond to Minnesotans’ concerns:

• At MAISRC, the fight is in full swing. Created in 2013, MAISRC is a one-of-a-kind research program that pursues solution-oriented research and inspires action by others through innovative outreach and citizen science programs. “The invasive species have had a head start, but we are quickly catching up,” said Professor Nick Phelps, director of MAISRC. “Our research is helping to fill critical knowledge gaps, from sequencing the zebra mussel genome to developing advanced methods for controlling common carp populations. These are the types of science-driven solutions that Minnesotans are calling for, and we are dedicated to providing them to protect our beloved lakes and rivers."
• The Minnesota Water Resources Center (WRC) advances research and outreach focused on water quality, availability, and management, connecting University expertise to national-level challenges. Its work spans safeguarding drinking water with state agencies, securing supplemental funding for projects like Hansen’s aquatic invasive species research, tackling stormwater pollution, supporting rural landowners in improving soil health, and training the next generation of septic professionals. WRC’s annual highlights report showcases efforts aligned with the water priorities Minnesotans care about most. “Our vision is clean and abundant water for all,” said WRC associate director Joel Larson. “To realize this vision, we address current and emerging water challenges through collaborative research, education, and engagement in Minnesota and beyond. Our unique position on campus and strong ties to federal agencies allow us to convene diverse partners and leverage expertise across water resource disciplines to solve our most pressing problems.”
• The University of Minnesota Water Council brings together experts from across the University to address one of today’s most pressing challenges: access to clean, safe water for all. It supports research, education, and policy, helping fill knowledge gaps and plan long-term solutions. By coordinating resources and fostering collaboration, the Council drives practical solutions to complex water problems. It also engages the public and decision-makers, making sure research and education benefit all Minnesotans.

The CFANS Insights survey was conducted July 31–August 5, 2025, through ENGINE’s CARAVAN® platform. It surveyed 1,000 Minnesota residents aged 18+, exploring their use of and concerns about lakes and rivers, views on conservation, and support for science-based solutions.